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Autor Tópico: Climate Change - acordo na conferência de Paris  (Lida 29593 vezes)

vbm

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Re: Climate Change - acordo na conferência de Paris
« Responder #260 em: 2020-12-10 10:20:49 »
À base de covides?

I. I. Kaspov

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Re: Climate Change - acordo na conferência de Paris
« Responder #261 em: 2024-03-23 00:28:48 »
Um debate interessante acerca do clima e alterações climáticas:

Será que a Primavera já não é o que era? || Contra-Corrente em direto na Rádio Observador

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mCzrfAC2A7Y
Gloria in excelsis Deo; Qui docet, discit; Jai guru dev; There's more than meets the eye; I don't know where but she sends me there; Let's make Rome great again!
Oui, nous savons que la fin s'approche...

I. I. Kaspov

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Re: Climate Change - acordo na conferência de Paris
« Responder #262 em: 2024-03-23 02:24:19 »
Uma notícia curiosa:


«Anthropocene unit of geological time is rejected

1 day ago

By Jonathan Amos,Science correspondent, @BBCAmos

Thinkstock ShanghaiThinkstock


Like many materials, concrete saw a dramatic rise in production and use after World War Two


A proposal to codify a new geological epoch based on humanity's influence on Earth has been rejected.

It means "the Anthropocene" will not be added to the chronostratigraphic chart featured in textbooks and on classroom posters to record the major changes in Earth history.

The International Union of Geological Sciences upheld an earlier vote by a lower committee to dismiss the idea.

But it also recognised the term Anthropocene had common currency.

"Despite its rejection as a formal unit of the geologic timescale, the Anthropocene will nevertheless continue to be used not only by Earth and environmental scientists but also by social scientists, politicians and economists as well as by the public at large," the IUGS said.

"It will remain an invaluable descriptor of human impact on the Earth system."

    Canadian mud 'symbolic of human changes to Earth'
    'Case is made' for Anthropocene Epoch

USDE Ivy Mike H-bomb testUSDE
The post-War nuclear tests spread plutonium around the globe

The word Anthropocene comes from the Greek for human, "anthropo".

And the Anthropocene Working Group of scientists had spent over a decade studying the concept and definition of a new unit of geological time, using this label.

They had proposed its start date be 1952, the year nuclear-bomb test residues become evident in sediments worldwide.

The 1950s also mark the onset of the "Great Acceleration", when the human population and its consumption patterns suddenly speeded up.
Voted down

It coincides with the spread of ubiquitous "techno materials", such as aluminium, concrete and plastic.

And the group had even identified a location where this transition was exquisitely recorded - in the chemistry and particles that make up the muds of a lake near Toronto, Canada.

But the proposal was voted down earlier this month by the Subcommission on Quaternary Stratigraphy.

And that decision has now been accepted by the IUGS, despite objections.
CONSERVATION HALTON Crawford Lake, CanadaCONSERVATION HALTON
The muds at the bottom of Crawford Lake record the Great Acceleration

While there is broad agreement humanity's impacts on Earth are pervasive and sufficiently distinctive to justify a separate geological classification, there is considerable debate over when our species became a force of global change.

For example, there is a strong body of opinion that any Anthropocene classification should reflect the major impacts humans introduced as they cut down forests and turned land over to agriculture, which would put the start date many thousands of years in the past.

Another attempt to introduce a new unit of geological time could now have to wait a decade.

In the meantime, we remain in the Holocene epoch, which started at the end of the last ice age, some 11,700 years ago.»


https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-68632086
Gloria in excelsis Deo; Qui docet, discit; Jai guru dev; There's more than meets the eye; I don't know where but she sends me there; Let's make Rome great again!
Oui, nous savons que la fin s'approche...

I. I. Kaspov

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Re: Climate Change - acordo na conferência de Paris
« Responder #263 em: 2024-03-23 02:26:08 »
E acerca das pérolas q nos querem impor para nosso "bem":

Cortex Frontal com Joana Amaral Dias – Episódio 10: O tratado pandémico

Jornal SOL

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zcNCF3sONow
Gloria in excelsis Deo; Qui docet, discit; Jai guru dev; There's more than meets the eye; I don't know where but she sends me there; Let's make Rome great again!
Oui, nous savons que la fin s'approche...

I. I. Kaspov

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Re: Climate Change - acordo na conferência de Paris
« Responder #264 em: 2024-03-23 05:04:36 »
About "Climate Change" and "Greenlash"
Gloria in excelsis Deo; Qui docet, discit; Jai guru dev; There's more than meets the eye; I don't know where but she sends me there; Let's make Rome great again!
Oui, nous savons que la fin s'approche...

I. I. Kaspov

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Re: Climate Change - acordo na conferência de Paris
« Responder #265 em: 2024-04-04 23:31:10 »
More about the marvelous "Climate Change":


«WATCH: Guyana President ANNIHILATES BBC Climate Change™ Hack

TDB's Photo

by TDB

Thursday, Apr 04, 2024 - 19:43


Originally published via Armageddon Prose:


Pompous, posh bespectacled BBC state media hack Stephen Sackur — who wears his glasses down on the end of his nose for some inexcusable reason as any run-of-the-mill Cambridge douche might — clearly went into this little propaganda session fully expecting the Guyanese president to cuck himself at the altar of Climate Change™, only to find himself besieged in return by a torrent of righteous indignation at the unmitigated gall of this person to dictate to Guyana what it is and is not permitted to do with its own natural resources — as if the current year is 1864, and overt colonialism is still raging strong.

          Related: LGBTQ+™ Neo-Colonialism: Your Taxes Fund Ecuador Drag Show, Transgenderism Confuses Africans

What follows is what the psychoanalysts call “schadenfreude” (relevant part commences at 4:09):

Via The Telegraph:

    “The president of an oil-rich South American country has scolded a BBC reporter for ‘lecturing’ his nation over climate change.

    Irfaan Ali of Guyana sat down with host Stephen Sackur of the BBC HardTalk show for an interview that has now gone viral.

    The country has seen a rapid growth in its oil reserves over the past decade. But Mr Sackur was quick to challenge the president on the potential environmental impact of this industry.

    He said: ‘Over the next decade or two, it’s expected that there will be $150 billion worth of oil and gas extracted off your coast.

    ‘It’s an extraordinary figure. But think of it in practical terms. That means – according to many experts – two billion tons of carbon emissions will come from your seabed from those reserves and released into the atmosphere.’

    But the 43-year-old head of state was quick to jump in with a rebuttal.”

At this turning point in the exchange, I could hear the Mortal Kombat “Finish Him” soundbite in my mind (apologies for the millennial reference), and it titillated me something fierce.

FATALITY.

Continuing:

    “’Let me stop you right there,’ he said. ‘Did you know that Guyana has a forest that is the size of England and Scotland combined, a forest that stores 19.5 gigatons of carbon, a forest that we have kept alive?’

    Guyana sits on the northern coast of the South American continent, bordered by Venezuela to the west, Suriname to the east and Brazil to the south. Much of the country’s landmass is covered by the Amazon rainforest.

    When the reporter asked Mr Ali whether the rainforest gave him the ‘right’ to release the carbon, the Guyanese leader retorted: “Does that give you the right to lecture us on climate change?

    ‘I’m going to lecture you on climate change. Because we have kept this forest alive that you enjoy that the world enjoys, that you don’t pay us for, that you don’t value.

    ‘Guess what? We have the lowest deforestation rate in the world. And guess what? Even with the greatest exploration of oil and gas we will still be net zero.’”

I would be remiss not to note that Guyana likely has the lowest deforestation rate in the world not because of a commitment to environmental conservation but rather historical underdevelopment. Nonetheless, the validity of the point remains.

Continuing:

    “Mr Sackur noted his words were ‘powerful’ and tried to jump back in, but the president did not allow the interruption.

    ‘This is the hypocrisy that exists in the world,’ he said. ‘The world in the last 50 years has lost 65 per cent of the biodiversity. We have kept ours.’”

FLAWLESS VICTORY.

Remarkably, this is hardly the first time in recent history that a BBC hack has gotten totally annihilated by the elected leader of a Latin American country.

Consider this recent exchange between another BBC hack and El Salvador president Nayib Bukele over “human rights.”

Via BBC:

    “I asked him if, now that he had turned the security situation around, he would concentrate on the next stage of the security policy - specifically the legal process of the thousands of people with no gang affiliation who, according to human rights organisations, have been unlawfully jailed.

    ‘I find it somewhat amusing when people say 'Oh, in El Salvador, they arrest people and some of the arrested are innocent,' President Bukele said.

    ‘I'm a little baffled because I wonder if in the UK all of the arrests are of guilty people or if sometimes your police arrest innocent ones?,’ he continued.

    He conceded that police in El Salvador had made ‘a couple of mistakes’ but said that some 7,000 of those arrested had already been released.

    There followed a long answer in which Mr Bukele argued that he was applying a unique solution to El Salvador's unique problem of having long been the murder capital of the world.

    Furthermore, he added, El Salvador had tried countless solutions put forward by Washington, the European Union and the Organization of American States but none of them had worked. The answer, he said, was his policy.

    ‘El Salvador was turned from the most dangerous place in the world to the safest in the Western Hemisphere. That's not a small feat. That's not done easily. No-one in the world has done it before so fast and so clean as we've done it here with no civilian casualties.’”»


https://www.zerohedge.com/news/2024-04-04/watch-guyana-president-annihilates-bbc-climate-changetm-hack
« Última modificação: 2024-04-04 23:32:16 por Kaspov »
Gloria in excelsis Deo; Qui docet, discit; Jai guru dev; There's more than meets the eye; I don't know where but she sends me there; Let's make Rome great again!
Oui, nous savons que la fin s'approche...

I. I. Kaspov

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Re: Climate Change - acordo na conferência de Paris
« Responder #266 em: 2024-04-17 03:05:46 »
Interessante, acerca de "Climate Anxiety" e temas afins:


«A Generation Lost To Climate Anxiety

Tyler Durden's Photo

by Tyler Durden

Wednesday, Apr 17, 2024 - 02:40 AM


Authored by David Zaruk via RealClear Politics,

In a far-reaching new essay in The New Atlantis, the environmental researcher Ted Nordhaus makes a damning and authoritative case that while the basic science of CO2 and climate is solid, it has been abused by the activist class in service of a wildly irresponsible and unscientific climate catastrophism.

This reckless alarmism, saturated across the mainstream media and endlessly amplified by it, has had profound societal consequences. It has both distorted public understanding of the massive benefits the carbon economy makes possible and grossly exaggerated the risks of extreme events it allegedly makes more likely.

As a result it has rendered reasonable debate on climate policy impossible, even as it has given cynical politicians an easy scapegoat for every social ill, drawing attention away from regulatory and institutional failures and laying blame instead at the feet of fossil fuel companies and other evil “emitters.”

Perhaps most perniciously, as Nordhaus details, the doomsday prophesying of climate extremists has created hardened skeptics on one side who are increasingly suspicious of all public “expertise”, while at the same time infecting true believers on the other side with a crippling, pathological fatalism that has come to be referred to as “climate anxiety.”

Climate Anxiety

If there’s any flaw in Nordhaus’ damning and comprehensive analysis it’s that he undersells just how much damage the advent of “climate anxiety” has done already—and how much more it’s likely to do in years to come.

Yes, there’s the obvious cases of obnoxious and lawbreaking behavior, from climate iconoclasts defacing priceless works of art, to interrupting Broadway shows and sporting events, to gluing themselves to buses and holding up traffic on major thoroughfares.

But it runs much deeper than that.

Consider recent headlines: From Vox: “What to do when you’re completely overwhelmed by climate anxiety.” From The Guardian: “Climate anxiety adds to teenagers’ fears.” And the New York Times: “How Climate Change is Changing Therapy.” And perhaps most depressing of all, from the BBC: “Climate anxiety: 'I don't want to burden the world with my child.” The trend is so wide now that they have given it a name: birth strike.

And the data backs up the headlines—like the recent Finnish study of 6,000 subjects that showed people with “woke” beliefs have higher rates of depression.

Developed countries are already facing real increases in mental health issues, many of them human-made and bound up in everything from the opioid crisis to the COVID pandemic. The manufacture of climate anxiety as an issue allegedly on par with those others is a dangerous distraction that draws resources away from solving these other mental health challenges. 

Innovative Solutions or More Activism?

Most of the real action on forestalling or mitigating the negative externalities created by the carbon economy is happening within industry itself. But instead of fueling a new generation of innovators and entrepreneurs to help produce these better, cleaner technologies, climate catastrophism has Gen Z curled up in a collective ball, while the likes of NPR tells its privileged listeners to "Let yourself feel the feelings — all of them" about our coming climate doom. 

Influencers like Greta Thunberg are motivating the young to pursue careers in political activism instead of research and innovation. It is easier to make the world angry through protest than to make it better by finding solutions.

Climate fear-mongering has created a dread so powerful it’s putatively putting people off of having children altogether, at a time when advanced countries are already facing precipitously declining fertility rates.

This bleak picture raises the question of exactly what’s in it for the eco-extremist purveyors of gloom. For Nordhaus, it’s akin to a religious mission. “Apocalyptic claims about an unfolding emergency, rather, serve a millenarian agenda”, he writes, “that variously demands that we abolish capitalism, bring about an end to economic growth, power the global economy entirely with wind and solar energy, feed the global population only with small-scale organic agriculture, and cut global emissions in half over the next decade or two.”

He doesn’t need to add that actually enacting that list of prescriptions would be both extremely unwise and largely impossible (and catastrophic).

Political Opportunism

Nordhaus doesn’t go far enough. Because it doesn’t really matter whether drastic policy proposals would actually work if the real goal is just acquiring enough political power to dictate them.

Left-wing political leaders have been using the specter of a “climate emergency” to justify the expansion of their powers for years—limiting consumer choice with product bans, picking winners and losers with boondoggle subsidies, and using lawfare to try and put energy companies out of business by abusing “public nuisance” laws, just to name a few.

Even the political right is getting in on the action. Just recently a bipartisan group of U.S. Senators introduced the PROVE IT Act, a bill that pairs the Democrats’ long love of climate panic with Republicans' newfound love of protectionism and industrial policy.

Anyone who is paying close enough attention knows that these kinds of power plays are cynical, shortsighted, and counterproductive, but what we are collectively starting to realize is how much they’ve been enabled by the literal derangement of generations of well-intentioned folks by climate catastrophism.

The bitter irony is that there is good evidence the climate “experts” know better—like a recent study of 2,066 people that found that higher levels of scientific knowledge about the environment and climate change was associated with less climate anxiety.

When the famous teenage eco-activist Greta Thunberg snarled and sobbed at a UN climate conference that those in power had “stolen her childhood” she was absolutely right – just not in the way she thought...

All is not Lost

As the media reported children weeping in the streets during highly managed Extinction Rebellion or Just Stop Oil campaigns, shouldn’t there be some other direction for us to take? How can we motivate the next generation to be a force for innovation and positive change rather than feed them a steady diet of nihilism, hate, and anxiety? There are certain things that can be done to frame the future of humanity in a more positive light.

Here are some ideas on how to stop malignant activism from eroding the hopes of humanity:

    Young people need positive mentors who are standing up to the pessimism with positive solutions. Scientists, professors, influencers need to focus on developing answers rather than acrimony.

    Positive stories need to be told. While the media focused on Greta as she sucked the hope out of the youth, other young people, like Boyan Slat, whose Ocean Cleanup achievements were legitimately inspirational, were largely ignored. Too bad the media is now funded largely by climate catastrophe foundations that promulgate pessimism. A new approach to media reporting, more transparent, more balanced, is overdue.

    Tech, business, and medical research sectors have venture capitalists who provide competitions and seed capital for young innovators to develop their ideas. Many recipients leave university to develop their ideas into successful companies. Very little like this exists for environmental health researchers. Rather there are a large number of bitter, under-funded postdocs who amplify the negativism.

    Tort reform in the US is necessary. Nordhaus highlighted how law firms were benefiting from the amplified public hatred of fossil fuel companies. Their lucrative anonymous payments to scientists, NGOs, foundations, filmmakers and the media via dark, donor-advised funds is poisoning an already toxic political arena.

    There needs to be better communication on the achievements and success stories of capitalism. The idea that the only solution to these climate challenges is to dismantle industry, restrict global trade, and block free markets is simply ludicrous.

These are a few of the necessary steps to help the public find a balance between humanity and environmental concerns. On climate issues, there needs to be more hope than horror, more imagination than resignation, and more inspiration than anxiety. With better stories and more responsible storytellers, the climate narrative can be reshaped from one of bitter acrimony to a challenge for innovators to once again push humanity forward.»


https://www.zerohedge.com/energy/generation-lost-climate-anxiety
Gloria in excelsis Deo; Qui docet, discit; Jai guru dev; There's more than meets the eye; I don't know where but she sends me there; Let's make Rome great again!
Oui, nous savons que la fin s'approche...

I. I. Kaspov

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Re: Climate Change - acordo na conferência de Paris
« Responder #267 em: 2024-04-18 18:32:13 »
Uma conversa com mto int. acercas dos EV's:

Adam Rozencwajg: Will EVs Succeed? Efficiency, Emissions and a Potential Catalyst

Investing News

40,8 mil subscritores

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VToOlJst-oU
Gloria in excelsis Deo; Qui docet, discit; Jai guru dev; There's more than meets the eye; I don't know where but she sends me there; Let's make Rome great again!
Oui, nous savons que la fin s'approche...

I. I. Kaspov

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Re: Climate Change - acordo na conferência de Paris
« Responder #268 em: 2024-06-14 18:23:01 »
Acerca da captura de C:


«Business Wire

SLB and Aker Carbon Capture Announce Closing of Carbon Capture Joint Venture

Business Wire

Fri, Jun 14, 2024, 11:30 AM GMT+14 min read

In this article:

    SLB
    -2.19%

The joint venture will enable wider adoption of market-ready and new carbon capture technologies for power and hard-to-abate industrial sectors worldwide

HOUSTON & OSLO, Norway, June 14, 2024--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Regulatory News:

SLB (NYSE: SLB) and Aker Carbon Capture (ACC) announced today the closing of their previously announced joint venture. The new company combines technology portfolios, expertise and operations platforms to support accelerated carbon capture adoption for industrial decarbonization at scale.

"There is no credible pathway toward net zero without deploying carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) at scale," said Gavin Rennick, president of SLB’s New Energy business. "In the next few decades, many industries that are crucial to our modern world must rapidly adopt CCS to decarbonize. Through the joint venture, we are excited to accelerate disruptive carbon capture technologies globally."

The new company will combine ACC’s amine-based Advanced Carbon Capture™ technologies, including Just Catch™ and Big Catch™ modular plant technologies for medium- and large-scale facilities, and Just Catch Offshore™ for offshore gas turbines, with SLB’s portfolio of technology solutions, including non-aqueous solvent and emerging sorbent-based offerings. The company currently has seven technology installations in progress that have the capacity to capture up to 1 million tonnes of CO2 emissions per year.

"There is no business as usual in the push toward net zero—we will accelerate decarbonization today and commercialize innovative technologies for the future," said Egil Fagerland, newly appointed Chief Executive Officer of the SLB–Aker Carbon Capture joint venture. "We are proud of the carbon capture plants we are delivering across various industries, with each customer being an important front-runner in its segment. Successful project deliveries are paving the way for other emitters to follow," continued Fagerland.

The new company will be headquartered in Oslo. SLB owns 80% of the new company while ACC ASA owns the remaining 20% stake.

About SLB

SLB (NYSE: SLB) is a global technology company that drives energy innovation for a balanced planet. With a global footprint in more than 100 countries and employees representing almost twice as many nationalities, we work each day on innovating oil and gas, delivering digital at scale, decarbonizing industries, and developing and scaling new energy systems that accelerate the energy transition. Find out more at slb.com.

About Aker Carbon Capture

Aker Carbon Capture is a pure-play carbon capture company with solutions, services and technologies serving a range of industries with carbon emissions, including the cement, bio and waste-to-energy, gas-to-power and blue hydrogen segments. Aker Carbon Capture's proprietary, carbon-capture technology offers a unique, environmentally friendly solution for removing CO2 emissions. Find out more at akercarboncapture.com.»


https://finance.yahoo.com/news/slb-aker-carbon-capture-announce-103000259.html
Gloria in excelsis Deo; Qui docet, discit; Jai guru dev; There's more than meets the eye; I don't know where but she sends me there; Let's make Rome great again!
Oui, nous savons que la fin s'approche...

I. I. Kaspov

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Re: Climate Change - acordo na conferência de Paris
« Responder #269 em: 2024-07-10 23:17:00 »
About "Climate-related deaths"
« Última modificação: 2024-07-10 23:17:32 por I. I. Kaspov »
Gloria in excelsis Deo; Qui docet, discit; Jai guru dev; There's more than meets the eye; I don't know where but she sends me there; Let's make Rome great again!
Oui, nous savons que la fin s'approche...

I. I. Kaspov

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Re: Climate Change - acordo na conferência de Paris
« Responder #270 em: 2024-07-16 03:28:56 »
«Climate change and the environment

Vance has downplayed the effects of climate change. In response to a radio host who asserted there was no climate crisis, Vance said, "No, I don't think there is, either."[121] He also has said, "If you think that man-made climate change is a catastrophic problem, the solution for it is for us to produce more of our own energy, including fossil fuels, here in the United States".[122] Vance has also argued that environmental regulations have caused a large number of manufacturing jobs to be outsourced to other countries.[123] He has proposed a bill that would repeal certain tax credits created by the Inflation Reduction Act for electric vehicles and would create a $7,500 tax credit for gas-powered cars manufactured in the U.S.[124]»

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._D._Vance
Gloria in excelsis Deo; Qui docet, discit; Jai guru dev; There's more than meets the eye; I don't know where but she sends me there; Let's make Rome great again!
Oui, nous savons que la fin s'approche...

I. I. Kaspov

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Re: Climate Change - acordo na conferência de Paris
« Responder #271 em: 2024-07-16 14:19:29 »
In FB:

«Simon Giz
16 h  ·

Le poids carbone de la Belgique augmente au fil des années, malgré que les émissions domestiques diminuent. Cela est dû au fait que nous importons de plus en plus d'énergie grise depuis des pays où le mix énergétique est fortement carboné.
Cependant, dans le cadre des Accords de Paris, et donc de fitfor55, la responsabilité des pays est déterminée selon les émissions domestiques uniquement, c'est-à-dire les émissions de GES depuis leur territoire.
Or, notre mode de vie ne dépend pas que des émissions domestiques depuis notre territoire (ou le territoire de l'UE pour ce qui concerne le secteur ETS), mais également des biens et services indispensables à notre économie et confort actuel, et qui sont produits en-dehors de notre territoire. C'est à nous que bénéficient au final les émissions nécéssaires à la production de ces bien, et elles doivent donc relever de notre responsabilité.
Donc, une partie seulement de notre responsabilité est prise en compte actuellement dans le cadre des Accords de Paris, donc de nos objectifs climatiques répercutés dans FitFor55 ou les PNEC.
Le poids carbone est la somme des émissions domestiques et du bilan import/export d'énergie grise (énergie grise  = émissions de CO2 intervenant dans le cycle de vie, essentiellement la fabrication et le transport ici, d'un bien ou service.)
https://www.plan.be/.../publication-2312-fr-l_empreinte...
https://plateforme-wallonne-giec.be/Lettre9.pdf
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es803496a
"Processes causing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions benefit humans by providing consumer goods and services. This benefit, and hence the responsibility for emissions, varies by purpose or consumption category and is unevenly distributed across and within countries."
https://dekamer.mijnopinie.belgium.be/initiatives/i-877
Une dizaine d'illustrations en lien avec le sujet : https://imgur.com/a/ZjTlCEi»

Gloria in excelsis Deo; Qui docet, discit; Jai guru dev; There's more than meets the eye; I don't know where but she sends me there; Let's make Rome great again!
Oui, nous savons que la fin s'approche...

I. I. Kaspov

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Gloria in excelsis Deo; Qui docet, discit; Jai guru dev; There's more than meets the eye; I don't know where but she sends me there; Let's make Rome great again!
Oui, nous savons que la fin s'approche...

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Re: Climate Change - acordo na conferência de Paris
« Responder #273 em: 2024-07-19 19:51:09 »
«Activistas climáticos condenados a penas entre quatro e cinco anos de prisão em Inglaterra»

https://www.publico.pt/2024/07/19/azul/noticia/activistas-climaticos-condenados-quatro-cinco-anos-prisao-inglaterra-2098243
Gloria in excelsis Deo; Qui docet, discit; Jai guru dev; There's more than meets the eye; I don't know where but she sends me there; Let's make Rome great again!
Oui, nous savons que la fin s'approche...

I. I. Kaspov

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Re: Climate Change - acordo na conferência de Paris
« Responder #274 em: 2024-07-26 13:48:57 »
Acerca das ideias bizarras de "defesa do clima"...  será q o clima precisa de advogados q o defendam??   :-\


«Clima. Bruxelas abre processos contra Portugal por falhas na comunicação

Estados-membros têm dois meses para responder à Comissão Europeia e completar a transposição da lei.

Redação
25 de Julho 2024

às
15:44

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Clima. Bruxelas abre processos contra Portugal por falhas na comunicação

AFP

A Comissão Europeia (CE) avançou, esta quinta-feira, com um conjunto de processos de infração contra Portugal e outros 25 países da União Europeia (UE) pela falta de comunicação sobre a transposição da legislação para a defesa do clima.

Numa nota divulgada, a CE refere que os processos decorrem da falha da transposição da legislação que abrange a taxação das emissões de carbono a mais setores, fomentando deste modo a sua redução. 

Os Estados-membros têm dois meses para responder à Comissão Europeia e completar a transposição da lei.

Casos não haja uma resposta dentro do prazo estipulado, a CE informa que pode avançar com uma opinião fundamentada, passo seguinte no processo de infração.

Esta legislação tem também o objetivo de criar “receitas” para aplicar no Fundo Social Climático.

A Áustria é o único país da UE que não está incluído no pacote de processo da Comissão Europeia.»


https://sol.sapo.pt/2024/07/25/clima-bruxelas-abre-processos-contra-portugal-por-falhas-na-comunicacao/
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Re: Climate Change - acordo na conferência de Paris
« Responder #275 em: 2024-08-05 20:50:04 »
Pois...

«Animais morrem congelados após invulgar frio extremo na Patagónia
ZAP
3 Agosto, 2024
3 Agosto, 2024

Ministerio de Defensa de Argentina

Onda de frio incomum em julho foi a segunda em três meses na região, mas não altera a tendência de aquecimento global, dizem cientistas.

É inverno no Hemisfério Sul, e as baixas temperaturas são frequentes nesta época na Patagónia e no Cone Sul da América Latina. Este ano, porém, os termómetros chegaram aos -15°C, uma condição meteorológica considerada extrema e incomum.

O frio levou patos a morrerem congelados em lagoas e ovelhas a ficarem presas em pilhas de neve. Equipas do serviço militar local tiveram de levar alimentos para os animais e para as pessoas que habitam a região.

A onda de frio de julho foi a segunda em três meses na região, que, de acordo com o Serviço Meteorológico Nacional da Argentina (SNM), está com alerta meteorológico amarelo, devido ao risco de danos e interrupção das atividades quotidianas.
Ler também:

    Até as ondas do mar congelam: frio extremo na Terra do Fogo
    Oceanos cada vez mais quentes lançam ondas de calor nas praias do Indo-Pacífico

“Este é um fenómeno incomum”, diz Raúl Cordero, climatologista da Universidade de Santiago do Chile. Ele estima que as temperaturas extremas irão permanecer na região durante a temporada de inverno e alerta que a onda de frio pode voltar a repetir-se.

Qual é a origem do frio extremo na Patagónia?

As baixas temperaturas na Patagónia e no Cone Sul da América Latina (Argentina, Chile, Uruguai, Paraguai e sul do Brasil) devem-se à chegada de ar frio da Antártida.

A alta pressão no extremo sul do continente puxou o ar polar para o norte. Isso acontece quando o vórtice polar, uma massa giratória de ar que forma uma espécie de cinturão de ventos fortes e mantém o ar frio sobre o Polo Sul, está fraco.

“A fraqueza incomum do vórtice polar antártico aumenta a probabilidade de que as massas de ar polar escapem para as áreas habitadas do Hemisfério Sul. Em outras palavras, a probabilidade de ondas de frio aumenta”, explica Cordero.
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Como o frio extremo afeta as temperaturas globais

Cordero afirma que é improvável que as ondas de frio na Patagónia afetem o clima global. Em vez disso, deve ocorrer o oposto: as mudanças no clima global contribuirão para a ocorrência do vórtice polar antártico fraco, resultando em ondas de frio no Cone Sul da América Latina.

“Embora estas baixas temperaturas tenham ocorrido em áreas populosas do Cone Sul, a atmosfera superior da Antártida teve as maiores temperaturas já registadas”, observa o cientista.

A Austrália e a Nova Zelândia também podem ser afetadas por ondas de frio extremo. Em 18 de julho de 2014, uma estação meteorológica em Queensland, na Austrália, registou a noite mais fria em 120 anos.

Apesar das imagens de animais congelados na Patagónia e das notícias da Austrália, o investigador disse que a onda de frio poderia ter um pequeno impacto positivo a um nível mais local.
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Os campos de gelo da Patagónia cobrem mais de 10.000 quilómetros quadrados na fronteira entre o Chile e a Argentina, o equivalente a 1,4 mil campos de futebol. “Eles perdem, em média, entre 10 mil milhões e 15 mil milhões de toneladas de gelo todos os anos. Embora os recentes períodos de frio não mudem essa tendência, podem pelo menos melhorar o balanço deste ano”, diz Cordero.
As mudanças climáticas são responsáveis pelo frio extremo?

Algumas pesquisas focadas no Hemisfério Norte indicam que as ondas de frio intenso podem ser causadas pelas mudanças climáticas.

Um estudo de 2012 realizado pelo Centro Woodwell de Pesquisas Climáticas em Massachusetts, nos EUA, sugeriu que o aquecimento acelerado do Ártico afetou as correntes de ar que controlam o clima., o que aumentaria a probabilidade de eventos extremos em latitudes médias, causando ou contribuindo para secas, inundações e ondas de frio ou de calor.

Outro estudo publicado em 2021 por investigadores do Instituto de Tecnologia de Massachusetts (MIT), também nos EUA, sugere que o aquecimento do Ártico contribuiu para que invernos rigorosos no país se tornassem mais frequentes. Os cientistas descobriram que mudanças no Ártico poderiam alterar o vórtice polar da estratosfera, fazendo com que o ar gelado escapasse em direção ao sul, derrubando as temperaturas.
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Mas ainda não há consenso entre os cientistas sobre a relação entre as mudanças e as ondas de frio. Parte da comunidade científica discorda das explicações apresentadas por Cordero para o que aconteceu na Patagónia.

“Não acho que o aquecimento do Ártico tenha um papel importante nos frios extremos em latitudes médias. O nosso trabalho mostrou que esses extremos são provavelmente explicados pela variabilidade natural e ocorreram apesar do aquecimento global, e não por causa dele”, afirma James Screen, professor de climatologia da Universidade de Exeter e colaborador do Painel Intergovernamental sobre Mudanças Climáticas (IPCC) das Nações Unidas.
Ler também:

    Até as ondas do mar congelam: frio extremo na Terra do Fogo
    Oceanos cada vez mais quentes lançam ondas de calor nas praias do Indo-Pacífico

Ondas de frio não mudarão tendência de aquecimento

O consenso entre especialistas, porém, é de que invernos como o da Patagónia se tornarão cada vez mais incomuns no planeta se o CO2 na atmosfera continuar a aumentar.

“Na maior parte do mundo, os efeitos de aquecimento da mudança climática excederão qualquer eventual efeito de arrefecimento decorrente da mudança dos padrões climáticos devido ao aquecimento do Ártico”, assegura Screen.

Cordero também avalia que “[estas] ondas de frio não mudarão a tendência de aquecimento na Patagónia, que é tão evidente quanto no resto do mundo”.
Frio extremo não trava aquecimento global

Apesar do consenso científico sobre o aquecimento global, ondas de frio têm sido usadas pelos negacionistas do clima para defenderem as suas posições.

“[Eles] estão a confundir variações de curto prazo no tempo com variações de longo prazo no clima. Um único frio extremo é um fenómeno climático”, explica Screen.

Ele pondera que, ao observar como os extremos de frio mudaram ao longo de várias décadas, é possível ver que eles se tornaram menos frequentes e menos severos a nível global.

Cordero concorda: “O aquecimento global é uma tendência de aumento da temperatura média global. Algumas poucas ondas de frio, por mais extremas que sejam, não vão mudar essa tendência.”

Um relatório de evolução climática da direção meteorológica do Chile mostrou, por exemplo, que 2023 foi o ano mais quente registado no país desde 1961 e que há uma tendência de ocorrência de eventos climáticos extremos. “O Chile teve o seu quarto ano consecutivo de temperaturas quentes, com um aumento médio de +0,15°C por década na temperatura média”, diz o documento.

// DW»


https://zap.aeiou.pt/animais-morrem-congelados-apos-invulgar-frio-extremo-na-patagonia-618599
Gloria in excelsis Deo; Qui docet, discit; Jai guru dev; There's more than meets the eye; I don't know where but she sends me there; Let's make Rome great again!
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I. I. Kaspov

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Re: Climate Change - acordo na conferência de Paris
« Responder #276 em: 2024-08-05 20:53:11 »
Tb está boa...    ::)


«Vacina para vacas promete ajudar a salvar o planeta (e as vacas) dos arrotos de metano

Soraia Ferreira

4 Agosto, 2024
1 Agosto, 2024

Leuchtturm81 / Pixabay

Uma startup norte-americana desenvolveu uma vacina que reduz as emissões de metano provenientes dos arrotos e flatulência das vacas — uma das principais fontes de emissões deste gás com efeito de estufa.

A criação de gado bovino para consumo de carne é a principal fonte de metano em todo o mundo, incluindo em Portugal, onde as emissões de um dos gases mais perniciosos para o ambiente aumentaram 48% nos últimos 20 anos.

Nos últimos anos, diferentes abordagens têm procurado resolver ou atenuar o problema crescente, entre as quais cobrar impostos, usar algas vermelhas, novos suplementos alimentares, ou converter os arrotos em diamantes — solução proposta pelo inventor do iPod, Anthony Michael Fadell.

Agora, a startup norte-americana ArkeaBio apresentou um protótipo de uma vacina que reduziu as emissões de metano em 13% num primeiro ensaio que envolveu 10 vacas — e que promete ser mais uma forma potencial de reduzir o impacto climático da criação de gado.
Ler também:

    Alga vermelha reduz emissões de metano das vacas
    Há um fator inesperado por trás das alterações climáticas

A vacina funciona através da estimulação do sistema imunitário da vaca a produzir anticorpos na sua saliva, que tem como alvo os micróbios produtores de metano no rúmen.

Segundo a New Scientist, o gado produz metano como subproduto da fermentação de gramíneas e feno no rúmen, a primeira parte do trato digestivo destes animais.

Num primeiro estudo, as vacas que receberam o protótipo desta vacina produziram menos 12,9% de metano durante um período de 105 dias, sem efeitos secundários adversos ou perturbações nas taxas de crescimento.

A investigação envolveu 10 vacas: cinco das quais um grupo de controlo e outras cinco que levaram a vacina. Cinco vacas levaram uma vacina no pescoço, seguida de uma de reforço após 56 dias.

O segundo estudo, que ainda está a decorrer, começou em junho deste ano com 14 vacas, e os primeiros resultados sugerem uma redução do metano de pelo menos 13%, esperando-se que os efeitos durem mais de três meses.
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Há décadas que os cientistas trabalham na ideia de uma possível vacina contra o metano para as vacas, com pouco sucesso, mas as reduções drásticas de custos na biotecnologia podem levar a vacina a uma possibilidade comercial.

A empresa espera lançar no mercado uma vacina que reduza as emissões de metano em 15-20% por vaca, mantendo essa redução durante, no mínimo, de três a seis meses.

“A coisa mais importante a fazer é mostrar que o mecanismo de ação funciona e, depois, é possível utilizar as ferramentas da biotecnologia para expandir esse desempenho”, conclui o diretor da Texas A&M Agrilife ,Cliff Lamb.

Controlar as emissões de metano das vacas é cada vez mais importante para ajudar a salvar o planeta e os próprios bovinos, que ocasionalmente morrem vítimas da sua própria flatulência — como aconteceu em 2023, numa herdade no Texas, onde uma explosão matou 18 mil vacas.

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Soraia Ferreira, ZAP //»


https://zap.aeiou.pt/vacina-para-vacas-promete-ajudar-a-salvar-o-planeta-e-as-vacas-dos-arrotos-de-metano-618115
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Re: Climate Change - acordo na conferência de Paris
« Responder #277 em: 2024-08-10 15:42:37 »
«Climate Fear-Mongering Fail: Great Barrier Reef Sees Third Record Year Of Coral Growth

Tyler Durden's Photo

by Tyler Durden

Saturday, Aug 10, 2024 - 04:25 AM

Authored by Chris Morrison via DailySceptic.org,


Massive increases in coral across the Australian Great Barrier Reef (GBR) have been reported for 2023-24 making it the third record year in a row of heavy growth. Across almost all parts of the 1,500 mile long reef, from the warmer northern waters to the cooler conditions in the south, coral is now at its highest level since detailed observations began. The inconvenient news has been ignored in mainstream media which, curiously, have focused on a non-story in Nature that claimed “climate change” poses an “existential threat” to the GBR.

“The science tells us that the GBR is in danger – and we should be guided by the science,” Professor Helen McGregor from the University of Wollongong told Victoria Gill of BBC News.

The existential threat is “now realised” reported the Guardian.
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Travelling back from the reality inhabited by the Guardian, it can be reported that last year’s gains were eye-catchingly large. On the Northern GBR, hard coral cover leapt from 35.8% to 39.5%, in the central area it rose from 30.7% to 34%, while in the south it went from 34% to 39.1%. The report is the result of monitoring of hard coral cover reefs from August 2023 to June 2024 by the Australian Institute of Marine Science (AIMS). The percentage of hard coral cover is a standard measurement of reef conditions used by scientists and is said to provide a simple and robust measure of reef health. Similar reports have been published by the AIMS over the last 38 years.

For the first two years of record coral growth, the narrative-driven mainstream media ignored the recovery story. But this year, the suspicious might contend, something had to be done to blunt the sensational news of the stonking rises. Help has come in the form of a paper just published in Nature which uses proxy temperature measurements and climate models to suggest temperatures around the vast reef area are the highest recorded in 400 years. This time period is the blink of an ecological eye-lid given that coral has been around for hundreds of millions of years during periods when temperatures and atmospheric carbon dioxide have been markedly different. Nevertheless, this is said to pose an existential threat despite it being known that sub-tropical corals thrive between 24°C-32°C, and in fact seem to grow faster in warmer waters.

Natural bleaching, when the coral expels algae and turns white, can occur with temporary local temperature changes, but evidence from many years of scientific observation suggests the corals often and quickly recover. Long term changes in water temperature – tiny compared to coral’s optimum conditions – pose no threat, but alarmists concentrate on the bleaching events to warn of possible ecological collapse. The Guardian noted a recent fifth mass bleaching in eight years across the reef, driven, it claimed, by “global heating”. So far, its readers are in the dark as to how this squares with the recent record growth.

A decade of mass bleaching, relentlessly catastrophised in the interests of Net Zero by activists in the media, academia and politics, does not appear to have done much harm to the recent growth in the Northern GBR.

Or the central area.

Or even in the south where the water temperatures are slightly cooler.

To read the latest AIMS report is to read the best possible spin on the story that the reef is heading for disaster. And, of course, it is all down to the unproven changes in climate that are said to be caused by human activity. It is claimed this will cause more frequent and long-lasting marine ‘heatwaves’, a product no doubt of a climate model. It is generally suggested that these heatwaves and mass bleaching were rare prior to the 1990s, although how anyone can know this is a mystery. Detailed GBR observations and temperature recordings barely stretch back a few decades.

As is often the case with publicly-funded operations, the political message is never far from the surface. Thus we learn that “enabling coral reefs to survive these stressful conditions requires a combination of a reduction in global greenhouse emissions to stabilise temperatures… and the development of interventions to help reefs adapt to and recover from the effects of climate change”. No doubt this last proposal requires large amounts of money from the taxpayer to cover the costs of such worthy work.

Not everyone goes along with the coral fear-mongering. The distinguished scientist Dr. Peter Ridd has studied the GBR for 40 years and notes that coral numbers have “exploded” in recent years. He says that all 3,000 reefs in the world’s largest system have excellent coral. “Not a single reef or even a single species of reef life has been lost since British settlement,” he reports. The impact of bleaching is “routinely exaggerated by the media and some scientific organisations”. In his view, the public is being deceived about the reef. “How this occurred is a serious issue for the reef-science community which has embraced emotion, ideology and raw self-interest to maintain funding,” he observes.»


https://www.zerohedge.com/weather/climate-fear-mongering-fail-great-barrier-reef-sees-third-record-year-coral-growth
Gloria in excelsis Deo; Qui docet, discit; Jai guru dev; There's more than meets the eye; I don't know where but she sends me there; Let's make Rome great again!
Oui, nous savons que la fin s'approche...

Camarada Neo-Liberal

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Re: Climate Change - acordo na conferência de Paris
« Responder #278 em: 2024-09-21 23:06:38 »
LE BOURGET, France — With the sudden bang of a gavel Saturday night, representatives of 195 countries reached a landmark climate accord that will, for the first time, commit nearly every country to lowering planet-warming greenhouse gas emissions to help stave off the most drastic effects of climate change.

Delegates who have been negotiating intensely in this Paris suburb for two weeks gathered for the final plenary session, where Foreign Minister Laurent Fabius of France asked for opposition to the deal and, hearing none, declared it approved.

With that, the delegates achieved what had been unreachable for two decades: a consensus on the need to shift from carbon-based fuels and a road map for the 195 nations to do so.

Though the deal did not achieve all that environmentalists, scientists and some countries had hoped for, it set the table for more efforts to slow the slide toward an unlivable planet.

It was an extraordinary effort at global diplomacy. Supporters argued that no less than the future of the planet was at stake, and in the days before the final session, they tried relentlessly to persuade skeptical nations.

As they headed into the cavernous hall late Saturday, representatives of individual countries and blocs expressed support for a deal hammered out in a final overnight session on Friday. After a day of stops and starts, Mr. Fabius, the president of the climate conference, declared a consensus and struck the gavel at 7:26 p.m., abruptly closing formal proceedings that had threatened to go into the night.

The hall erupted in cheers as leaders like Secretary of State John Kerry and former Vice President Al Gore stood to applaud President François Hollande of France; his ecology minister, Ségolène Royal; his special envoy, Laurence Tubiana; and the executive secretary of the United Nations climate convention, Christiana Figueres.

South Africa’s environment minister, Bomo Edna Molewa, called the accord the “first step in a long journey that the global community needs to undertake together.”

At its heart is a breakthrough on an issue that foiled decades of international efforts to address climate change. Previous pacts required developed economies like the United States to reduce greenhouse gas emissions but exempted developing countries such as China and India.

The new accord changes that dynamic, requiring action in some form from every country. But the echoes of the divide persisted during the negotiations.

Delegates received the final draft of the document Saturday afternoon, after a morning when the text was promised but repeatedly delayed. They immediately began parsing it for language that had been the subject of energetic debate, in preparation for a voice vote on whether the deal should become law.

All evening, tense excitement was palpable. The delegates rose to their feet to thank the French team, which drew on the finest elements of the country’s traditions of diplomacy to broker a deal acceptable to all sides.

France’s European partners recalled the coordinated Nov. 13 terrorist attacks in Paris, which killed 130 people and threatened to cast a shadow over the negotiations. But, bound by a collective good will toward France, countries redoubled their efforts.

“This demonstrates the strength of the French nation and makes us Europeans all proud of the French nation,” said Miguel Arias Cañete, the European Union’s commissioner for energy and climate action.

Yet amid the spirit of success that dominated the final hours of the talks, Mr. Arias Cañete reminded delegates that the accord was the start of the real work. “Today, we celebrate,” he said. “Tomorrow, we have to act. This is what the world expects of us.”

The new deal will not, on its own, solve global warming. At best, scientists who have analyzed it say, it will cut emissions by about half of what is needed to prevent an increase in atmospheric temperatures of 2 degrees Celsius, or 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit. That is the point, scientific studies have concluded, at which the world will be locked into devastating consequences, including rising sea levels, severe droughts and flooding, widespread food and water shortages, and more destructive storms.

But the agreement could be an inflection point in human history: the moment when, because of a huge shift in global economic policy, the inexorable rise in carbon emissions that started during the Industrial Revolution began to level out and eventually decline.

Unlike at the climate summit meeting in Copenhagen in 2009, Mr. Fabius said, the stars for this assembly were aligned.

As negotiators from countries representing a self-described “high-ambition coalition” walked into the plenary session shortly before noon, they were swarmed by cheering bystanders. The coalition, formed to push for ambitious environmental provisions in the deal, includes rich countries such as the United States and members of the European Union; island nations like Tuvalu and Kiribati, which are vulnerable to rising sea levels; and countries with the strongest economies in Latin America, such as Brazil.

Representatives of the group wore lapel pins made of dried coconut fronds, a symbol of the Marshall Islands, whose climate envoy, Tony de Brum, helped form the coalition. Developing countries with the highest emissions, such as China and India, are not members.

Scientists and world leaders had said the talks here were the world’s last, best hope of striking a deal that would begin to avert the most devastating effects of a warming planet.

The final language did not fully satisfy everyone. Representatives of some developing nations expressed consternation. Poorer countries had pushed for a legally binding provision requiring that rich countries appropriate at least $100 billion a year to help them mitigate and adapt to the ravages of climate change. In the deal, that figure appears only in a preamble, not in the legally binding portion.

“We’ve always said that it was important that the $100 billion was anchored in the agreement,” said Tosi Mpanu-Mpanu, a negotiator for the Democratic Republic of Congo and the incoming leader of the Least Developed Countries coalition. In the end, though, they let it go.

It was not immediately clear what horse trading and arm twisting had brought the negotiators into accord. But in accord they were, after two years of international talks in dozens of world capitals, two weeks of focused negotiations in a temporary tent city here, and two all-night, line-by-line negotiations.

While top energy, environment and foreign policy officials from nearly every country offered positions on the text, ultimately it fell to France, the host, to assemble the final document and see through its approval.

Some countries objected to the speed with which Mr. Fabius banged down the gavel. Nicaragua’s representative, Paul Oquist, said his nation favored a global cap on emissions, a political nonstarter. He said the deal unfairly exempted rich nations from liability for “loss and damage” suffered by those on the front lines of climate change.

The national pledges will not contain warming to 2 degrees Celsius. And more recent scientific reports have concluded that even preventing that amount of warming will not be enough.

Vulnerable low-lying island states had pushed for the more stringent target over the objections of major oil producers like Saudi Arabia. But that target is largely considered aspirational and is not legally binding.

The agreement sets a vague goal of having global emissions peak “as soon as possible,” and a schedule for countries to return to the negotiating table every five years with plans for tougher polices. The first such meeting will take place in 2020.

The accord also requires “stocktaking” meetings every five years, at which countries will report how they are reducing their emissions compared with their targets. And it includes language requiring countries to monitor, verify and publicly report their emission levels.

Monitoring and verification had been among the most contentious issues, with negotiators wrangling into Saturday morning. The United States had insisted on an aggressive, uniform system for countries to publicly report their emissions, and on the creation of an outside body to verify reductions. Developing nations like China and India had demanded that they be subject to a less stringent form of monitoring and verification.

The final draft requires all countries to use the same reporting system, but it lets developing nations report fewer details until they are able to better count their emissions.

Some elements of the accord are voluntary, while others are legally binding. That hybrid structure was specifically intended to ensure the support of the United States: An accord with binding targets would be legally interpreted as a new treaty and would have to go before the Senate for ratification. Such a plan would be dead on arrival in the Republican-controlled Senate, where many question the established science of climate change and hope to thwart President Obama’s climate change agenda.

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As a result, all language on the reduction of carbon emissions is essentially voluntary. The deal assigns no concrete reduction targets to any country. Instead, each government has crafted a plan to lower emissions at home based on the country’s domestic politics and economy.

The accord uses the language of an existing treaty, the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, to require countries to verify their emissions and to periodically put forth tougher domestic plans.

“This agreement is highly unlikely to trigger any legitimate grounds for compelling Senate ratification,” said Paul Bledsoe, a climate change official in the Bill Clinton administration. “The language itself is sufficiently vague regarding emissions pledges, and presidents in any event have frequently used their broad authority to enter into these sorts of executive agreements.”

nyt

L


este lark acreditava nas tretas todas dos telejornais, que saudades dele  :D
« Última modificação: 2024-09-21 23:13:40 por Camarada Neo-Liberal »

vbm

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Re: Climate Change - acordo na conferência de Paris
« Responder #279 em: 2024-09-22 03:18:10 »
Isto é um lençol, carago («cara d'algo»).
Cobre o quê? (lamento, não li.)